Many people believe that today's European culture from the 18th century as the early 19th century . Culture is represented by the cultural elite.However , the concept of culture in the world , complaining about the European colonial society and reflect .The late nineteenth century , as represented by the elite culture is not a concept , including a series of transformation and so on.In other words , culture is not a single standard , that is, it is not a rejection of a different culture , the meaning and value of each grant , and social life, which come included .Look, rather than exclusion assessment, classification and fashion culture , culture and a new perspective in the ranks of the late 19th century .
For example , in developed countries, high culture ( cultural elite ) is just a particular group of people, or a similar meaning and value. Developing countries are not the poor quality of the culture , but there are different cultures. All human beings have a culture, humanity is the fact that the results show that evolution. Because humans also evolved. The research anthropologist .
They include biological evolution can also apply the concept of community in the definition.
Them through the process of developing social education , it can spread to create a debate.
For example , in the case of human biological irrelevant to the shared value. .
Clifford Geertz argued that human physiology and neurology developed in conjunction with the first cultural activities, and Middleton concluded that human " instincts were culturally formed."
Anthropologists have developed a culture of recommendations for each community. Different cultures should not be rejected.
Elements of different cultures and adapt it to spread (changes in the physical condition) is the primary means of human evolution.
Recent research suggests that human culture has reversed the causal direction suggested above and influence human evolution.
In addition, changes in the culture ultimately lead to changes in human genetics.
Another element of culture that is important for a clear understanding of the concept is level of abstraction .
It is important when trying to understand the concept of culture to keep in mind that the concept can have multiple levels of meaning.
One of the more important points to understand about culture is that it is an artificial categorization of elements of social life.
the distinction between the two, while artificial, is useful for a number of reasons.
Humans do not experience culture in a separate or distinct way from society.
the distinction between culture and society is of particular use when exploring how norms and values are transmitted from generation to generation and answering the question of cultural conflict between people of different cultural backgrounds.
A subculture is a culture shared and actively participated in by a minority of people within a broader culture.
Subcultures incorporate large parts of the broader cultures of which they are part, but in specifics they may differ radically.
A Counterculture is a subculture with the addition that some of its beliefs, values, or norms challenge or even contradict those of the main culture of which it is part.
Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own culture. The term was coined by William Graham Sumner, a social evolutionist and professor of Political and Social Science at Yale University.
It involves an incapacity to acknowledge that cultural differentiation does not imply inferiority of those groups who are ethnically distinct from one's own.
Cultural relativism is the belief that the concepts and values of a culture cannot be fully translated into, or fully understood in, other languages; that a specific cultural artifact has to be understood in terms of the larger symbolic system of which it is a part.
The model is an integrationist model advocated by Ritzer.
Ritzer proposes four highly interdependent elements in his sociological model: a macro-objective component, a micro-objective component, a macro-subjective component, and a micro-subjective component.
This model also posits that individual level values, beliefs, and behaviors can, in turn, influence the macro-level culture.
Culture can also be seen to play a specific function in social life.
The belief that culture is symbolically coded and can thus be taught from one person to another means that cultures, although bounded, can change.
Resistance can come from habit, religion, and the integration and interdependence of cultural traits.
Cultural change can have many causes, including: the environment, inventions, and contact with other cultures.
One approach to studying culture falls under the label 'cultural sociology', which combines the study of culture with cultural understandings of phenomena.
A particularly clear example of cultural sociology is the study of the Village-Northton by Elijah Anderson. Anderson's methodology is a combination of participant observation and interviews.
Ultimately, Anderson's goal is to develop a sort of typology of streetwise individuals: people who can manage awkward and uncomfortable interpersonal interactions on the street in such a fashion that they emerge from the interactions unharmed.
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