Introduction to Sociology/Demography

 Demography 

Summary

The study of the statistical distribution, the size and density of the population, such as birth, death or marriage.



Census personnel, or mail questionnaire to the input of the census of 2006 ...

In recent years, the interaction of economic development and population explosion, and the population, the effect of contraception, is inclined interest overcrowding, illegal immigration, also labor statistics in urban areas.

Based on the record of the Baptist and the dead from the end of the 16th century, written by John Grant of the UK <Natural and PoliticalObservations……Madeupon the Bills of Mortality> origin demographic is a (1662).

In order to find the regularity of statistical, grant, investigated the fertility of male and female sex ratio at birth in rural areas and some London (sex ratio), and mortality. Create a table of statistics of mortality first, he contributed greatly to this field. He was able to be men of military service age group, about police number, as well as the total number of households of fertile women, also the population of London, while analysis of the birth and death rates. Pioneer of another who contributed to for fixing the investigation modern demographic, was Johann Ju Alpenmilch of Germany. In his book <divine order DieGöttlicheOrdnung> called (1741), he analyzed a population of 1,056 or parish city and state some of Prussia, Brandenburg. In addition, I have created a table of statistics of mortality including some statistical tables of mortality in the first of the total population of Prussia.

In Europe in the 18th century, interest in public health and the development of life insurance increases, statistics study of mortality has been actively promoted. In the 19th century, with regard to public issues such as birth, death, marriage, instead of the registry office of the church, government agency in charge of the record. In addition to this, the census also began to develop. The study of the demographic of the 19th century, mortality was emphasized in general.

However, demographers our birth rate is to decline rapidly in the industrialized countries in the late 19th century, began to study in earnest also birth rates and mortality. Nature is also not negligence, in particular, while accepted as a phenomenon reminiscent of the development of intelligence, as indicated by research and theory Charles Darwin, Francis Galton, the difference in birth rates such, evolutionary I called such a wide interest.

Between the first World War 1.2, demography is to have a relationship more in other areas, the International Association for the Study of scientific of the population was founded in 1928. Analysis of statistical data is more sophisticated, the number of research organizations, magazines and international organizations to investigate the population statistics has increased considerably, but a demographic study of most of the records of such births and deaths and census still I have a basic creation. It can not be said to be perfectly fine no matter how census, but in the country of registration history is long, usually, statistical data on birth and death, marriage made by the local government agencies, but the more accurate.